Ecological Silviculture: Foundations and Applications

October 14, 2020

Written by Amanda Mahaffey and Zander Evans

In the early days of the Forest Stewards Guild, silviculture was largely seen as a means of maximizing timber production. Today, a new textbook captures the tenets long upheld by Guild members and provides a comprehensive, scientific reference for justifying the holistic approach we take in our work. Furthermore, this text addresses ecological silviculture in the context of today’s world of climate change and an ever-shifting forest policy landscape. Ecological Silviculture: Foundations and Applications is a worthwhile read for foresters of today and tomorrow.

The authors are familiar names in Guild circles: Brian Palik, USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station; Tony D’Amato, University of Vermont; Jerry Franklin, University of Washington; and Norm Johnson, Oregon State University. This is no coincidence. “Over the couple of decades, the Guild and its members have led the way in demonstrating the feasibility of these approaches for satisfying those traditional objectives, while also generating a wider range of ecological and societal benefits,” says Tony D’Amato. “A big part of the inspiration for this book was observing the work of Guild members and others who have been demonstrating that these concepts can be realized in practice.”

The book is rich with thoughtful silvicultural approaches and photos from well-managed forests across the country, including examples from Guild foresters. For instance, a box in chapter 8 features management for structural heterogeneity in northern hardwoods in Aitkin County, Minnesota, the stomping grounds of Guild member Mark Jacobs. Readers at work in forests from New Mexico, to Washington, to Maine, to Florida will find inspiration in the forest systems and treatments described in the text. The words in Ecological Silviculture will resonate with Guild members everywhere, regardless of your native forest type.

Spoiler alert! Remarkably, this text reframes the familiar. Ecological forestry principles are founded in traditional silviculture, i.e. regeneration methods. However, rather than simply adding a layer of ecological objectives to classical treatments, Ecological Silviculture deliberately changes the language we use. Ecological silvicultural systems are centered on the natural disturbance being mimicked by treatment, e.g. gap disturbance in northern hardwoods. Throughout the book, the authors emphasize that this approach is not exclusive of timber values. Reframing silviculture through an ecological lens captures the whole system, including the economic importance to forest-dependent communities.

Brian Palik wanted to highlight (right) for Guild members the list of Tenets of Ecological Silviculture presented in chapter 1 and revisited in chapter 17. “I would suspect that many Guild foresters would read this and say…yep I try to do that…” he says, “But hopefully the book gives them more of the tools they need to achieve these objectives.”

The publication of this book aligns with the milestone of the Guild’s 25th anniversary as a membership organization, and we can look to it for inspiration for the next 25 years of forest stewardship. As the authors conclude, “In fact, the greatest gains in silviculture are made through its practice by creative foresters and we are excited to learn of the insights and ideas developed over time from the wider application of the principles and practices presented in this text.”

Stay tuned for a webinar the Guild will host with the authors in December, to share more about the book and its content and engage in discussion!

Ecological Silviculture: Foundations and Applications is published by Waveland Press . The authors are donating royalties from the book to the Guild to help further our ecological forestry programming.

Recent Posts

By Aidan Juhl April 16, 2026
Written by Colleen Robinson
April 14, 2026
Written by Shannon Maes
April 14, 2026
In September 2025, the Guild launched a three-person Forest Stewards Apprenticeship (FSA) crew to work with the Penobscot Nation’s Department of Natural Resources (PN DNR). Over the course of their six-month season, apprentices Agenor Duhon, Gabe Stewart, and Jacob Baker shared a season of learning, collaboration, and hands-on stewardship of Penobscot Tribal lands.
April 14, 2026
This week, I stepped into the role of crew leader. We worked a full 40-hour week, splitting our time between Clifton Farms and a prescribed burn operation. On the first day in the field, we completed hack-and-squirt treatments on trees that had been marked the previous week. For the remainder of the week, we focused on marking trees for future hack-and-squirt work, maintaining a steady pace and ensuring accuracy in our selections.
April 7, 2026
As Guild members, our practice is fundamentally grounded in field observation. We know intuitively that forests are dynamic, living communities. Yet, for decades, the high-level systems used to value our work, specifically the carbon accounting ledgers tied to international frameworks like the Paris Agreement, have treated forests as static, quantifiable blocks of land. In a recent commentary published in One Earth, I argue that these legacy measurement, reporting, and verification (MRV) frameworks are failing. Ledger accounting relies on crude land-use delineations and outdated technology, effectively penalizing the natural, seasonal flux of the ecosystems we manage every day. By forcing landscapes into rigid “forest” versus “non-forest” binaries, such legacy systems miss the complex reality on the ground. But a major shift is underway.
March 18, 2026
Women have always been a part of forestry. Historically, women often helped guide family decisions about when to cut, which trees to save, and how best to steward their land for the next generation. Historical accounts from the Southern Appalachians describe women’s roles in decisions about timber harvesting and prioritizing long-term forest health. These often-uncredited contributions are even reflected in Aldo Leopold’s A Sand County Almanac (1949), in which describes his stewardship philosophy informed not only by his professional experience, but by shared responsibility, where the perspectives of his wife and daughters played an important role.
March 18, 2026
Although rural regions often host the highest concentrations of public and private forest land, they typically lack the sustainable workforce necessary for active management and stewardship. How do we address this foundational problem in forest conservation?
March 18, 2026
The Forest Stewards Guild has a unique dual mandate: practice and promote forest stewardship. Personally, I think the combination of practicing forest management and promoting best practices is what makes the Guild a vibrant and impactful organization.
February 17, 2026
We celebrate the remarkable career and legacy of Leslie (Les) Benedict, who has provided visionary leadership and dedicated service to the stewardship of forests, championing the preservation of the ecological and culturally important black ash. Benedict, a member of the Saint Regis Mohawk Tribe in Akwesasne, north of the Adirondacks in upstate New York, recently retired after serving as the Assistant Director of the Tribe’s Environment Division for over 35 years.
February 17, 2026
The Forest Stewards Guild has been working to support the National Park Service on forest stewardship projects throughout the eastern U.S. This month we are in the midst of a project to protect mounds at Effigy Mounds National Monument near Harpers Ferry Iowa. This site was designated as a National Monument in 1949 and preserves over 200 mounds built between 800 and 2,500 years ago. Mounds at this site include conical, linear, compound, and effigy mounds – constructed in the shape of animals. Please see the National Park Service page for more information about the mounds, the people who built them, and how to visit the site. The lidar images on that website of the Marching Bears and other mound groups are fascinating.
Show More